Proofreading
Proofreading is the most basic type of editing, which involves correcting the following:
- Typographical and spelling errors
- Capitalization, punctuation, and formatting errors
- Apparent lapses in word usage (e.g., there, their, they're)
- Other obvious errors
Copy Editing
Copyediting is more precise. It requires all the necessary fixes in proofreading, plus the following:
- Addressing grammar and style issues using primary references and style guides
- Correcting minor to average factual errors as well as checking data, such as figures and tables, for consistency
- Preserving the meaning, voice, and style of the original text while maintaining consistency and correctness
- Suggesting revisions to improve readability and eliminate ambiguity
- Posing queries to clarify and correct any relevant issues
Rewriting
Rewriting involves significant revisions in the text, which include the following:
- Restructuring the text in order to improve quality or to follow client specifications
- Paraphrasing, rewording, and removing unnecessary terms and/or phrases
- Making improvements in the text, usually changing the author’s original voice or style